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December 15

曼昆经济学中英对照 3

PRINCIPLE #2: THE COST OF SOMETHING IS WHAT YOU GIVE UP TO GET IT
原理二:某种东西的成本是为了得到它而放弃的东西
Because people face tradeoffs, making decisions requires comparing the costs and benefits of alternative courses of action. In many cases, however, the cost of some action is not as obvious as it might first appear.
由于人们面临着权衡取舍,所以,作出决策就要比较可供选择的行动方案的成本与收益。但是,在许多情况下,某种行动的成本并不像乍看时那么明显。
Consider, for example, the decision whether to go to college. The benefit is intellectual enrichment and a lifetime of better job opportunities. But what is the cost? To answer this question, you might be tempted to add up the money you spend on tuition, books, room, and board. Yet this total does not truly represent what you give up to spend a year in college.
例如,考虑是否上大学的决策。收益是使知识丰富和一生拥有更好的工作机会。但成本是什么呢?要回答这个问题,你会想到把你用于学费、书籍、住房和伙食的钱加总起来。但这种总和并不真正地代表你上一年大学所放弃的东西。
The first problem with this answer is that it includes some things that are not really costs of going to college. Even if you quit school, you would need a place to sleep and food to eat. Room and board are costs of going to college only to the extent that they are more expensive at college than elsewhere. Indeed, the cost of room and board at your school might be less than the rent and food expenses that you would pay living on your own. In this case, the savings on room and board are a benefit of going to college.
这个答案的第一个问题是,它包括的某些东西并不是上大学的真正成本。即使你离开了学校,你也需要有睡觉的地方,要吃东西。只有在大学的住宿和伙食比其他地方贵时,贵的这一部分才是上大学的成本。实际上,大学的住宿与伙食费可能还低于你自己生活时所支付的房租与食物费用。在这种情况下,住宿与伙食费的节省是上大学的收益。
The second problem with this calculation of costs is that it ignores the largest cost of going to college—your time. When you spend a year listening to lectures, reading textbooks, and writing papers, you cannot spend that time working at a job. For most students, the wages given up to attend school are the largest single cost of their education.
这种成本计算的第二个问题是,它忽略了上大学最大的成本——你的时间。当你把一年的时间用于听课、读书和写文章时,你就不能把这段时间用于工作。对大多数学生而言,为上学而放弃的工资是他们受教育的最大单项成本。
The opportunity cost of an item is what you give up to get that item. When making any decision, such as whether to attend college, decisionmakers should be aware of the opportunity costs that accompany each possible action. In fact, they usually are. College-age athletes who can earn millions if they drop out of school and play professional sports are well aware that their opportunity cost of college is very high. It is not surprising that they often decide that the benefit is not worth the cost.
一种东西的机会成本是为了得到这种东西所放弃的东西。当作出任何一项决策,例如,是否上大学时,决策者应该认识到伴随每一种可能的行动而来的机会成本。实际上,决策者通常是知道这一点的。那些上大学年龄的运动员如果退学而从事职业运动就能赚几百万美元,他们深深认识到,他们上大学的机会成本极高。他们往往如此决定:不值得花费这种成本来获得上大学的收益。这一点儿也不奇怪。
PRINCIPLE #3: RATIONAL PEOPLE THINK AT THE MARGIN
原理三:理性人考虑边际量
Decisions in life are rarely black and white but usually involve shades of gray. When it’s time for dinner, the decision you face is not between fasting or eating like a pig, but whether to take that extra spoonful of mashed potatoes. When exams roll around, your decision is not between blowing them off or studying 24 hours a day, but whether to spend an extra hour reviewing your notes instead of watching TV. Economists use the term marginal changes to describe small incremental adjustments to an existing plan of action. Keep in mind that “margin” means “edge,” so marginal changes are adjustments around the edges of what you are doing.
生活中的许多决策很少是黑与白,而往往涉及到灰色阴影。当到吃午饭的时间时,你面临的决策不是吃得快还是吃得多,而是是否再多吃一勺土豆泥。当考试临近时,你的决策不是在放弃考试或一天学习24个小时之间的选择,而是是否多花一小时复习功课而不看电视。经济学家用边际变动这个术语来描述对现有行动的微小增量调整。记住“边际”指“边缘”,因此,边际变动是围绕你所做的事的边缘的调整。
In many situations, people make the best decisions by thinking at the margin. Suppose, for instance, that you asked a friend for advice about how many years to stay in school. If he were to compare for you the lifestyle of a person with a Ph.D. to that of a grade school dropout, you might complain that this comparison is not helpful for your decision. You have some education already and most likely are deciding whether to spend an extra year or two in school. To make this decision, you need to know the additional benefits that an extra year in school would offer (higher wages throughout life and the sheer joy of learning) and the additional costs that you would incur (tuition and the forgone wages while you’re in school). By comparing these marginal benefits and marginal costs, you can evaluate whether the extra year is worthwhile.
在许多情况下,人们可以通过考虑边际量来作出最优决策。例如,假设你向一位朋友请教,应该在学校上多少年学。如果他给你用一个拥有博士学位的人的生活方式与一个没有上完小学的人进行比较,你会抱怨这种比较无助于你的决策。你很可能已经受过某种程度的教育,并要决定是否再多上一两年学。为了作出这种决策,你需要知道,多上一年学所带来的额外收益(一生的更高工资和学习的全面享受)和所花费的额外成本(学费及你上学时放弃的工资)。通过比较这种边际收益与边际成本,你就可以评价多上一年学是否值得。
As another example, consider an airline deciding how much to charge passengers who fly standby. Suppose that flying a 200-seat plane across the country costs the airline $100,000. In this case, the average cost of each seat is $100,000/200, which is $500. One might be tempted to conclude that the airline should never sell a ticket for less than $500. In fact, however, the airline can raise its profits by thinking at the margin. Imagine that a plane is about to take off with ten empty seats, and a standby passenger is waiting at the gate willing to pay $300 for a seat. Should the airline sell it to him? Of course it should. If the plane has empty seats, the cost of adding one more passenger is minuscule. Although the average cost of flying a passenger is $500, the marginal cost is merely the cost of the bag of peanuts and can of soda that the extra passenger will consume. As long as the standby passenger pays more than the marginal cost, selling him a ticket is profitable.
另一个例子,考虑一个航空公司决定对等退票的乘客收取多高的价格。假设一架200个座位的飞机横越国内飞行一次,航空公司的成本是10万美元。在这种情况下,每个座位的平均成本是10万美元除以200,即500美元。有人会得出结论:航空公司的票价决不应该低于500美元。但实际上,航空公司可以通过考虑边际量而增加利润。设想一架飞机即将起飞时仍有10个空位。在登机口等退票的乘客愿意支付300美元买一张票。航空公司应该卖给他票吗?当然应该。如果飞机有空位,多增加一位乘客的成本是微乎其微的。虽然一位乘客飞行的平均成本是500美元,但边际成本仅仅是这位额外的乘客将消费的一包花生米和一罐汽水的成本而已。只要等退票的乘客所支付的钱大于边际成本,卖给他机票就是有利可图的。
As these examples show, individuals and firms can make better decisions by thinking at the margin. A rational decisionmaker takes an action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost.
正如这些例子说明的,个人和企业通过考虑边际量将会作出更好的决策。如果而且只有一种行动的边际收益大于边际成本,一个理性决策者才会采取这项行动。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KEY CONCEPTS(重要概念):
opportunity cost: whatever must be given up to obtain some item
机会成本:为了得到某种东西所必须放弃的东西。
marginal change: small incremental adjustments to a plan of action
边际变动:对行动计划微小的增量调整。
December 14

曼昆经济学中英对照节选2

HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS
人们如何作出决策
There is no mystery to what an “economy” is. Whether we are talking
about the economy of Los Angeles, of the United States, or of the whole
world, an economy is just a group of people interacting with one
another as they go about their lives. Because the behavior of an
economy reflects the behavior of the individuals who make up the
economy, we start our study of economics with four principles of
individual decisionmaking.
“经济”是什么这个问题并没有什么神秘之处、无论我们谈论的是洛杉矶经济,
美国经济,还是全世界的经济,经济只不过是一个在生活中相互交易的一群人而
已。由于一个经济的行为反映了组成这个经济的个人的行为,所以我们的经济学
研究就从个人作出决策的四个原理开始。
PRINCIPLE #1: PEOPLE FACE TRADEOFFS
原理一:人们面临权衡取舍
The first lesson about making decisions is summarized in the adage:
“There is no such thing as a free lunch.” To get one thing that we
like, we usually have to give up another thing that we like. Making
decisions requires trading off one goal against another.
关于作出决策的第一课可以归纳为一句谚语:“天下没有白吃的午餐。”为了得
到我们喜爱的一件东西,通常就不得下放弃另一件我们喜爱的东西。作出决策要
求我们在一个目标与另一个目标之间有所取舍。
Consider a student who must decide how to allocate her most valuable
resource— her time. She can spend all of her time studying economics;
she can spend all of her time studying psychology; or she can divide
her time between the two fields. For every hour she studies one
subject, she gives up an hour she could have used studying the other.
And for every hour she spends studying, she gives up an hour that she
could have spent napping, bike riding, watching TV, or working at her
part-time job for some extra spending money.
我们考虑一个学生必须决定如何配置她的最宝贵的资源——时间。她可以把所有
的时间用于学习经济学;她可以把所有的时间用语学习心理学;她也可以把时间
分配在这两个学科上。她把某一个小时用于学习一门课时,她就必须放弃本来可
以学习另一门课的一小时。而且,对于她用于学习一门课的每一个小时,她都要
放弃本来可以用于睡眠、骑车、看电视或打工赚点零花钱的时间。
Or consider parents deciding how to spend their family income. They can
buy food, clothing, or a family vacation. Or they can save some of the
family income for retirement or the children’s college education. When
they choose to spend an extra dollar on one of these goods, they have
one less dollar to spend on some other good.
还可以考虑父母决定如何使用自己的家庭收入。他们可以购买食物、衣服,或全
家度假。或者他们也可以为退休或孩子的人学教育储蓄一部分收入。当他们选择
把额外的一美元用于上述物品中的一种时,他们在某种他物品上就要少花一美元
When people are grouped into societies, they face different kinds of
tradeoffs. The classic tradeoff is between “guns and butter.” The
more we spend on national defense to protect our shores from foreign
aggressors (guns), the less we can spend on consumer goods to raise our
standard of living at home (butter). Also important in modern society
is the tradeoff between a clean environment and a high level of income.
Laws that require firms to reduce pollution raise the cost of producing
goods and services. Because of the higher costs, these firms end up
earning smaller profits, paying lower wages, charging higher prices, or
some combination of these three. Thus, while pollution regulations give
us the benefit of a cleaner environment and the improved health that
comes with it, they have the cost of reducing the incomes of the firms
’ owners, workers, and customers.
当人们组成社会时,他们面临各种不同的交替关系。典型的交替关系是“大炮与
黄油”之间的交替。我们把更多的钱用于国防以保卫我们的海岸免受外国入侵(
大炮)时,我们能用于提高国内生活水平的个人物品的消费(黄油)就少了。在
现代社会里,同样重要的是清洁的环境和高收入水平之间的交替关系。要求企业
减少污染的法律增加了生产物品与劳务的成本。由于成本高,结果这些企业赚的
利润少了,支付的工资低了,收取的价格高了,或者是这三种结果的某种结合,
因此尽管污染管制给予我们的好处是更清洁的环境,以及由此引起的健康水平提
高,但其代价是企业所有者、工人和消费者的收入减少。
Another tradeoff society faces is between efficiency and equity.
Efficiency means that society is getting the most it can from its
scarce resources. Equity means that the benefits of those resources are
distributed fairly among society’s members. In other words, efficiency
refers to the size of the economic pie, and equity refers to how the
pie is divided. Often, when government policies are being designed,
these two goals conflict.
社会面临的另一种交替关系是效率与平等之间的交替。效率是指社会能从其稀缺
资源中得到最多东西。平等是指这些资源的成果公平地分配给社会成员。换句话
说,效率是指经济蛋糕的大小,而平等是指如何分割这块蛋糕,在设计政府政策
的时候,这两个目标往往是不一致的。
Consider, for instance, policies aimed at achieving a more equal
distribution of economic well-being. Some of these policies, such as
the welfare system or unemployment insurance, try to help those members
of society who are most in need. Others, such as the individual income
tax, ask the financially successful to contribute more than others to
support the government. Although these policies have the benefit of
achieving greater equity, they have a cost in terms of reduced
efficiency. When the government redistributes income from the rich to
the poor, it reduces the reward for working hard; as a result, people
work less and produce fewer goods and services. In other words, when
the government tries to cut the economic pie into more equal slices,
the pie gets smaller.
例如,我们来考虑目的在于实现更平等地分配经济福利的政策;某些这类政策,
例如,福利制度或失业保障,是要帮助那些最需要帮助的社会成员。另一些政策
,例如,个人所得税,是要求经济上成功的人士对政府的支持比其他人更多。虽
然这些政策对实现更大平等有好处,但它以降低效率为代价。当政府把富人的收
入再分配给穷人时,就减少了对辛勤工作的奖励;结果,人们工作少了,生产的
物品与劳务也少了。换句话说,当政府想要把经济蛋糕切为更均等的小块时,这
块蛋糕也就变小了。
Recognizing that people face tradeoffs does not by itself tell us what
decisions they will or should make. A student should not abandon the
study of psychology just because doing so would increase the time
available for the study of economics. Society should not stop
protecting the environment just because environmental regulations
reduce our material standard of living. The poor should not be ignored
just because helping them distorts work incentives. onetheless,
acknowledging life’s tradeoffs is important because people are likely
to make good decisions only if they understand the options that they
have available.
认识到人们面临交替关系本身并没有告诉我们,人们将会或应该作出什么决策。
一个学生不应该仅仅由于要增加用于学习经济学的时间而放弃心理学的学习。社
会不应该仅仅由于环境控制降低了我们的物质生活水平而不再保护环境。也不应
该仅仅由于帮助穷人扭曲了工作激励而忽视了他们。然而,认识到生活中的交替
关系是重要的,因为人们只有了解他们可以得到的选择,才能作出良好的决策。

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KEYWORDS(关键词):
efficiency: the property of society getting the most it can from its
scarce resources.
效率:社会能从其稀缺资源中得到最多东西的特性。
equity: the property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among
the members of society
平等:经济成果在社会成员中公平分配的特性。

曼昆经济学中英对照节选1

Ten Principles Of Economics
第1章 经济学十大原理

IN THIS CHAPTER, YOU WILL . . .
在这一章里,你将——
· Learn that economics is about the allocation of scarce resources
· 知道经济学研究稀缺性资源的配置
· Examine some of the tradeoffs that people face
· 考察人们面临的一些权衡取舍
· Learn the meaning of opportunity cost
· 知道机会成本的含义
· See how to use marginal reasoning when making decisions
· 懂得在作出决策时如何运用边际推理
· Discuss how incentives affect people's behavior
· 讨论激励如何影响人们的行为
· Consider why trade among people or nations can be good for everyone
· 考虑为什么人们或国家之间的交易可以使各方面受益
· Discuss why markets are a good, but not perfect, way to allocate
resources
· 讨论为什么市场是一种良好却非完善的资源配置方式
· Learn what determines some trends in the overall economy
· 了解是什么因素决定着整体经济中的某些趋势
The word economy comes from the Greek word for “one who manages a
household.” At first, this origin might seem peculiar. But, in fact,
households and economies have much in common.
经济这个词来源于希腊语,其意为“管理一个家庭的人”。乍一看,这个起源似
乎有点奇特。但事实上,家庭和经济有着许多共同之处。
A household faces many decisions. It must decide which members of the
household do which tasks and what each member gets in return: Who cooks
dinner?Who does the laundry? Who gets the extra dessert at dinner? Who
gets to choose what TV show to watch? In short, the household must
allocate its scarce resources among its various members, taking into
account each member’s abilities, efforts, and desires.
一个家庭面临着许多决策。它必须决定哪些家庭成员去做什么.以及作为回报每
个家庭成员能得到什么:谁做晚饭?谁洗衣服?谁在晚餐时多得到一块甜点?谁
有权选择看什么电视节目?简言之,家庭必须考虑到每个成员的能力、努力和愿
望,以在各个成员中配置稀缺资源。
Like a household, a society faces many decisions. A society must decide
what jobs will be done and who will do them. It needs some people to
grow food, other people to make clothing, and still others to design
computer software. Once society has allocated people (as well as land,
buildings, and machines) to various jobs,it must also allocate the
output of goods and services that they produce. It must decide who will
eat caviar and who will eat potatoes. It must decide who will drive a
Porsche and who will take the bus.
和家庭一样,一个社会也面临着许多决策。一个社会必须决定将要做哪些工作和
谁做这些工作。社会需要一些人种粮食,另一些人做衣服,还有一些人设计电脑
软件。一旦社会分配人们(以及土地、建筑物和机器)去做各种工作,它还应该
分配他们生产的物品与劳务量。社会必须决定谁将吃鱼子酱而谁将吃土豆。它还
必须决定谁将开保时捷跑车而谁将坐公共汽车。
The management of society’s resources is important because resources
are scarce. Scarcity means that society has limited resources and
therefore cannot produce all the goods and services people wish to
have. Just as a household cannot give every member everything he or she
wants, a society cannot give every individual the highest standard of
living to which he or she might aspire.
由于资源稀缺,社会资源的管理就是重要的。稀缺性是指社会提供的东西少于人
们想拥有的。正如一个家庭不能给每个成员想要的每一件东西一样,一个社会也
不能给每个人以他们向往的最高生活水平。
Economics is the study of how society manages its scarce resources. In
most societies, resources are allocated not by a single central planner
but through the combined actions of millions of households and firms.
Economists therefore study how people make decisions: how much they
work, what they buy, how much they save, and how they invest their
savings. Economists also study how people interact with one another.
For instance, they examine how the multitude of buyers and sellers of a
good together determine the price at which the good is sold and the
quantity that is sold. Finally, economists analyze forces and trends
that affect the economy as a whole, including the growth in average
income, the fraction of the population that cannot find work, and the
rate at which prices are rising.
经济学研究社会如何管理自己的稀缺资源。在大多数社会中,资源并不是由一个
中央计划者来配置,而是通过千百万家庭和企业的共同行动来配置的。因此,经
济学家研究人们如何作出决策:他们工作多少,购买什么,储蓄多少,以及如何
把储蓄用于投资。经济学家还研究人们如何相互交易。例如,经济学家探讨一种
物品众多的买者与卖者如何共同决定该物品的销售价格和销售量。最后,经济学
家分析影响整个经济的力量和趋势。包括平均收入的增长,人口中找不到工作的
人的比例,以及价格上升的速度。
Although the study of economics has many facets, the field is unified
by several central ideas. In the rest of this chapter, we look at Ten
Principles of Economics. These principles recur throughout this book
and are introduced here to give you an overview of what economics is
all about. You can think of this chapter as a “preview of coming
attractions.”
虽然经济学的研究是多万面的,但可以用几个中心思想把这个领域统一起来。在
本章的其余部分,我们要说明经济学的十大原理。这些原理贯穿全书,这里的介
绍是要让你了解经济学研究内容的概况。

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----------
KEY CONCEPTS(重要概念):
Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources
稀缺性:社会资源的有限性
economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources
经济学:研究社会如何管理自己的稀缺资源。
December 01

世界上只有两种可以称之为浪漫的情感
一种叫相濡以沫,另一种叫相忘于江湖
我们要做的是
争取和最爱的人相濡以沫和次爱的人相忘于江湖
也许不是不曾心动,不是没有可能
只是有缘无份,情深缘浅
我们爱在不对的时间回首往事的时候
想起那些如流星般划过生命的爱情
我们常常会把彼此的错过归咎为缘份
其实说到底,缘份是那么虚幻抽象的一个概念
真正影响我们的
往往就是那一时三刻相遇与相爱的时机
男女之间的交往
充满了犹疑忐忑的不确定与欲言又止的矜持
一个小小的变数,就可以完全改变选择的方向
如果彼此出现早一点
也许就不会和另一个人十指紧扣
又或者相遇的再晚一点
晚到两个人在各自的爱情经历中
慢慢的学会了包容和体谅,善待与妥协
也许走到一起的时候,就不会那么轻易的放弃,任性的转身,放走了爱情
在你最美丽的时候,你遇见了谁?
在你深爱一个人的时候,谁又陪在你身边?
爱情到底给了你多少时间
去相遇与分离,去选择与后悔
不是不心动,不是不后悔
但已经没有时间再去相拥
如果爱一个人而无法在一起
相爱却无法在适当的时候相遇
如果爱了,却爱在不对的时候
除了珍藏那一滴心底的泪
无言的走远,又能有什么选择?
要在时间的荒野,没有早一步也没有晚一步
于万千人之中,去邂逅自己的爱人
那是太难得的缘份,更多的时候
我们只是在彼此不断地错过,错过杨花飘风的春
又错过了枫叶瑟索的秋,直到漫天白雪
年华不再,在一次次的心酸感叹之后
才能终于了解--即使真挚,即使亲密
即使两个人都已是心有戚戚,我们的爱
依然需要时间来成全和考验
这个世界有着太多的这样那样的限制与隐秘的禁忌
又有太多难以预测的变故和身不由己的离合
一个转身
也许就已经一辈子错过,要到很多年以后
才会参透所有的争取与努力
也许还抵不过命运开的一个玩笑
上帝只在云端眨了一眨眼
所有的结局,就都已经完全改变
在对的时间,遇见对的人,是一种幸福
在对的时间,遇见错的人,是一种悲伤
在错的时间,遇见对的人,是一声叹息
在错的时间,遇见错的人,是一种无奈
回忆的花瓣掠过心湖,泛起片片涟漪
爱不是千言万语,也不是朝韩暮暮
爱是每当午夜梦醒时
发现内心牵挂的依然是远方的你...
August 26

译-写作 散文理念和技巧为了有思想的人

散文理念和技巧为了有思想的人
杰克.克鲁亚克(by Jack Kerouac)
要点清单
1. 随意涂写的私人笔记本,冒泡的草稿纸,开心就好了
2. 接纳一切,敞开,听
3. 尽量不在自己家外喝醉
4. 爱你的生活
5. 有些事你将会感觉的到它的结构
6. 痴狂的做冒泡的圣徒
7. 想怎么吹就怎么吹
8. 从骨子里泻出你自己想写的
9. 无法形容的不能被别人所见的个人感知
10.摒弃诗句的缥缈有事准确的直说就可以了
11.心潮彭湃的幻想
12.在原神出鞘的魔幻中理解眼前的对象
13.不受任何的文法束缚
14.象Proust瘾君子这个时代
15.真实的世界在内心的独白中生动的显现
16.那宝贵的兴趣中心才是眼中之眼
17.写下回忆和惊奇为自己
18.从第三只眼获得开始工作的精髓,畅游语言的海洋
19.永远认可失败
20.相信神圣的生活
21.尽量的描绘出已经有的初成的思想的发展过程
22.不要去抠词在你进行不下去的时候而是让画面引导文字的流淌
23.明了每一天从那个标号的早晨
24.在经验.语言.知识的尊严里不必恐惧和羞阙
25.然世界读到你所理解的世界画面的样子
26.书中的电影是文字所拼,视觉的美国形式
27.为得到品质的赞扬而投身在凄凉的野蛮的孤独中
28.越狂乱越无章越纯粹越发自内心越疯狂越好
29.你生来就是天才
30.上天保佑世间质朴的文字编导
 

BELIEF & TECHNIQUE FOR MODERN PROSE
by Jack Kerouac
List Of Essentials
1. Scribbled secret notebooks, and wild typewritten pages, for yr own joy
2. Submissive to everything, open, listening
3. Try never get drunk outside yr own house
4. Be in love with yr life
5. Something that you feel will find its own form
6. Be crazy dumbsaint of the mind
7. Blow as deep as you want to blow
8. Write what you want bottomless from bottom of the mind
9. The unspeakable visions of the individual
10. No time for poetry but exactly what is
11. Visionary tics shivering in the chest
12. In tranced fixation dreaming upon object before you
13. Remove literary, grammatical and syntactical inhibition
14. Like Proust be an old teahead of time
15. Telling the true story of the world in interior monolog
16. The jewel center of interest is the eye within the eye
17. Write in recollection and amazement for yourself
18. Work from pithy middle eye out, swimming in language sea
19. Accept loss forever
20. Believe in the holy contour of life
21. Struggle to sketch the flow that already exists intact in mind
22. Dont think of words when you stop but to see picture better
23. Keep track of every day the date emblazoned in yr morning
24. No fear or shame in the dignity of yr experience, language & knowledge
25. Write for the world to read and see yr exact picture of it
26. Bookmovie is the movie in words, the visual American form
27. In praise of Character in the Bleak inhuman Loneliness
28. Composing wild, undisciplined, pure, coming in from under, crazier the better
29. You're a Genius all the time
30. Writer-Director of Earthly movies Sopnsored & Angeled in Heaven
 
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琳 孙

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我创建的群英日韩学习乐园,日语群,英语群,韩语群,有兴趣的朋友可以加入
60971131
Im tired of the people that say one thing and do another.I only want someone who can be as honest as me.I'm just me,the only one in the world~~~
我的MSN:julielinlin@hotmail.com
感谢访问!
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冲 马wrote:
 お新年をおめでとございます。
Feb. 6
weiwrote:
   你的照片在很多  看得我眼花缭乱的  呵呵呵  以后   肯定能沟起你的许多美好的回忆!
Jan. 26
weiwrote:
  我的英文太差了  只有用中文了      你不会笑话我吧  呵呵 
Jan. 22
Carter wrote:
hi,
I am Carter,i am carzy for talking  with u please don't ignore me.
Jan. 9
carter wrote:
Though we don't see each other very much
nor do we write to each other very much
nor do we phone each other very much
I always know that, at any time
I could call, write or see you
and everything would be exactly the same
You would understand everything I am saying
and everything that I am thinking
Our friendship does not depend
on being together
It is deeper than that
Our closeness is something inside of us
that is always there
ready to be shared with each other
whenever the need arises
It is such a comfortable and warm feeling
to know that
we have such a lifetime
friendship
Jan. 9

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^_^